Solo 401(k) & Solo Roth 401(k)
Best for: Sole proprietors with no employees (other than a spouse) or partners in a partnership.
Contribute as both “employee” (salary deferral) and “employer” (profit sharing), enabling high totals. A Roth option allows after-tax contributions with tax-free qualified distributions.
Employee Salary Deferral Limits:
- 2024: $23,000 (or $30,500 if age 50+)
- 2025: $23,500 (or $31,000 if age 50+) (ages 60–63 may have higher catch-ups if plan permits)
Total (Employee + Employer):
- 2024: up to $69,000 (or $76,500 if age 50+)
- 2025: up to $70,000 (or $77,500 if age 50+)
- Employer portion: generally up to 25% of W-2 comp or ~20% of net self-employment income.